Over 20 Years of Health Research

Background Sepsis is a complex syndrome with high mortality, which often induces acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), the most active anthocyanin in the blueberry extracts, has been demonstrated to have pulmonary protective effects in some ALI models. This study aims to evaluate the potential protective effect of C3G on sepsis-evoked ALI in rats. Materials and methods Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) was performed on Sprague–Dawley rats to establish sepsis-induced ALI model. Rats were injected intraperitoneally with 10 or 30 mg/kg of C3G after CLP and then the survival was recorded every 12 h for 96 h. The pulmonary protective effects of C3G on CLP-induced ALI were evaluated at 24 h after CLP. Results The results demonstrated that C3G treatment significantly improved the survival rate of CLP rats and attenuated CLP-induced lung injury, including reduction of lung wet/dry weight ratio, protein leak, infiltration of leukocytes, and myeloperoxidase activity. In addition, C3G markedly decreased malondialdehyde content and increased superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione level. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 were also decreased by C3G administration, as well as protein expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and production of prostaglandin E2 in the lung. Furthermore, C3G treatment upregulated protein expression of inhibitors of NF-κBα and downregulated expressions of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) p65 and p-p65 in the lung, thereby inhibiting the NF-κB-DNA binding activity. Conclusions These findings indicate that C3G exerts pulmonary protective effects on CLP-induced ALI rats. The effect may be associated with NF-κB signaling pathway suppression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Introduction. Pregnancy may pose an increased risk for the development of caries and other oral health problems. Continuous screening of oral health status, implementing appropriate preventive measures (particularly oral hygiene, healthy diet plans and education) is of paramount importance not only for oral health but also for the general health status of the future mother and her offspring. Effects of Food on Caries Development. Caries prevention through healthy diet implicates the reduction in frequency and amount of intake of cariogenic food, above all of refined carbohydrates, i.e. sugars and sweets. Foods known to have caries-prophylactic effects should predominate in healthy diet plans. They mainly include solid foods, which have mechanical effects on teeth cleaning, as well as foods providing sufficient amounts of vitamins (A, C, D) and a variety of elements and compounds (calcium, phosphates, fluorides) favoring the preservation and remineralization of tooth structures. Education of Pregnant Women on Healhy Deit. In accomplishing these goals, education and direct positive communication between the educator and the pregnant woman play a crucial role. Educative approach is always individual and determined by the patient’s specific cultural and socioeconomic features and status, as well as her habits, motivation and willingness to accept relevant recommendations. Accomplishing the aforementioned goals requires the appropriate organization and professional competence within the preventive dental service and its close cooperation with the relevant medical institutions and social support in the framework of public health protection. Conclusion. Preserving of oral health during pregnancy is predominantly influenced by the following factors: 1) healthy diet, 2) oral hygiene, 3) patients’ education, 4) regular control of oral health, 5) appropriate organization of dental services and 6) community engagement. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Uvod. Tokom trudnoće rizik za nastanak karijesa zuba i drugih poremećaja oralnog zdravlja je povećan. Redovni skrining stanja oralnog zdravlja, sprovođenje odgovarajućih preventivnih mera (prvenstveno oralne higijene, zdrave ishrane i edukacije) veoma su značajni ne samo za oralno zdravlje nego i za opšte zdravstveno stanje buduće majke i njenog potomstva. Uticaj hrane na razvoj karijesa. U prevenciji karijesa zdravim načinom ishrane treba redukovati učestalost i količinu unosa kariogene hrane, prvenstveno rafinisanih ugljenih hidrata, odnosno šećera i slatkiša. U zdravoj ishrani prednost ima hrana sa profilaktičkim dejstvom na karijes. Ovde spada čvršća hrana, koja ima mehanički efekat u odnosu na čišćenje zuba, kao i hrana koja obezbeđuje dovoljan unos vitamina (A, C, D) i određenih elemenata i jedinjenja (kalcijuma, fosfata, fluorida) koji pomažu u očuvanju i remineralizaciji građe zuba. Edukacija trudnica o zdravoj ishrani. U postizanju ovih ciljeva pomaže edukacija uz direktnu i pozitivnu komunikaciju između edukatora i trudnice. Edukativni pristup je individualan jer svaka trudnica ima specifična kulturološka i socioekonomska obeležja i status, uz različite navike, motivisanost i spremnost za prihvatanje datih preporuka. Za ostvarivanje pomenutih ciljeva potrebna je odgovarajuća organizacija i stručnost stomatološke preventivne službe i njena saradnja sa drugim medicinskim službama, uz društvenu podršku u okviru javnog zdravlja. Zaključak. U očuvanju oralnog zdravlja tokom trudnoće važne uloge imaju: 1. zdrav način ishrane, 2. oralna higijena, 3. edukacija trudnica, 4. redovne stomatološke kontrole, 5. organizacija stomatološke službe i 6. društveno angažovanje. (Bosnian) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Medicinski Pregled / Medical Review is the property of National Library of Serbia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder’s express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Compositions include cultured bilberry cells or extracts thereof mixed with a cosmetic component or a food component to yield cosmetics, dietary supplements, and/or functional foods. The cultured bilberry cells or extracts can have high levels of polyphenols with little or no anthocyanins. The polyphenol fraction from the cultured bilberry cells is unique compared to the polyphenol fraction from the tissues of a traditional bilberry plant. The cultured cells have high levels of natural flavonols, flavan-3-ols and procyanidins, but are notably lacking in anthocyanins and chlorogenic acid.